阿育王King Asoka

常用词汇

同义词与近义词

常用短语与固定搭配

• every now and then：时不时地
• play an important role in：在……中扮演重要角色
• lie in the fact that：在于……这一事实
• come down to us：流传到我们这一代
• Dark Ages：黑暗年代
• reach a low ebb：处于低谷

常用句式

• There has appeared, every now and then, a man who ...：时不时地会出现一个……的人。
• His connection with ... lies in the fact that ...：他与……的联系在于……
• ... before it once again took up residence in ...：……之后它才再次回到……

长难句解析

There has appeared, every now and then, a man who definitely was not a mathematician but who nevertheless played an important role in the history of mathematics.

• 主干：There has appeared a man（倒装句，正常语序为 A man has appeared）。
• 修饰：who 引导两个并列定语从句，由 but 连接，分别说明“他不是数学家”和“他仍在数学史上扮演重要角色”。
• every now and then 为时间状语，意为“时不时地”。

His connection with the history of mathematics lies in the fact that some of his great stone pillars ... still stand, and that some of them contain the earliest preserved specimens ...

• 主干：His connection ... lies in the fact that ...
• 同位语从句：两个 that 从句并列，解释 fact 的具体内容：石柱至今矗立；石柱包含最古老的数字符号标本。

语言使用特点

1. 正式书面语：使用 every now and then、nevertheless、lie in the fact that 等较正式表达。
2. 历史叙述常用缩略：ca. = circa，意为“大约”，常用于年代前。
3. 被动与分词结构：erected in every important city 为过去分词短语作后置定语，简洁紧凑。
4. 隐喻表达：took up residence in western Europe 将“知识回归”拟人化，使历史叙述更生动。

迁移练习

1. 用 there has appeared ... who ... but who ... 句式介绍一位对科学有重要影响的非科学家。
2. 用 lie in the fact that ... 解释你最喜欢的一门学科与现实世界的联系。
3. 将下列句子译成英文：阿育王石柱上保存的数字符号是印度—阿拉伯数字的重要前身。